namespace ClawdDotNet.Core.Scheduling;
///
/// Einfaches Cron-Parsing für 5-Felder-Ausdrücke: Minute Stunde Tag Monat Wochentag
/// Unterstützt: Zahlen, Wildcards (*), Bereiche (1-5), Listen (1,3,5), Schritte (*/5, 7-22/3, 10/15)
///
public sealed class CronExpression
{
private readonly HashSet _minutes;
private readonly HashSet _hours;
private readonly HashSet _daysOfMonth;
private readonly HashSet _months;
private readonly HashSet _daysOfWeek;
private CronExpression(
HashSet minutes, HashSet hours,
HashSet daysOfMonth, HashSet months,
HashSet daysOfWeek)
{
_minutes = minutes;
_hours = hours;
_daysOfMonth = daysOfMonth;
_months = months;
_daysOfWeek = daysOfWeek;
}
public static CronExpression Parse(string expression)
{
var parts = expression.Trim().Split(' ', StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
if (parts.Length != 5)
throw new FormatException($"Cron expression must have 5 fields, got {parts.Length}: '{expression}'");
return new CronExpression(
ParseField(parts[0], 0, 59),
ParseField(parts[1], 0, 23),
ParseField(parts[2], 1, 31),
ParseField(parts[3], 1, 12),
ParseField(parts[4], 0, 6)
);
}
public bool Matches(DateTime dt)
{
return _minutes.Contains(dt.Minute)
&& _hours.Contains(dt.Hour)
&& _daysOfMonth.Contains(dt.Day)
&& _months.Contains(dt.Month)
&& _daysOfWeek.Contains((int)dt.DayOfWeek);
}
public DateTime? GetNextOccurrence(DateTime after)
{
var candidate = new DateTime(after.Year, after.Month, after.Day, after.Hour, after.Minute, 0)
.AddMinutes(1);
// Suche maximal 2 Jahre in die Zukunft
var limit = after.AddYears(2);
while (candidate < limit)
{
if (Matches(candidate))
return candidate;
candidate = candidate.AddMinutes(1);
// Optimierung: überspringe ungültige Stunden/Tage
if (!_months.Contains(candidate.Month))
{
candidate = new DateTime(candidate.Year, candidate.Month, 1).AddMonths(1);
continue;
}
if (!_daysOfMonth.Contains(candidate.Day) || !_daysOfWeek.Contains((int)candidate.DayOfWeek))
{
candidate = new DateTime(candidate.Year, candidate.Month, candidate.Day).AddDays(1);
continue;
}
if (!_hours.Contains(candidate.Hour))
{
candidate = new DateTime(candidate.Year, candidate.Month, candidate.Day, candidate.Hour, 0, 0)
.AddHours(1);
}
}
return null;
}
private static HashSet ParseField(string field, int min, int max)
{
var result = new HashSet();
foreach (var part in field.Split(','))
{
if (part.Length == 0)
throw Bad(field, "leeres Teilfeld");
if (part == "*")
{
for (var i = min; i <= max; i++) result.Add(i);
}
else if (part.Contains('/'))
{
var split = part.Split('/');
if (split.Length != 2)
throw Bad(field, "Schrittangabe erwartet die Form 'basis/schritt'");
// Basis: "*" (ganzer Bereich), "a-b" (Bereich, #597) oder "a" (ab a bis Feldende).
// "0 7-22/3 * * *" fiel vorher durch, und der Scanner verschwieg es.
var (start, end) = split[0] == "*"
? (min, max)
: split[0].Contains('-')
? ParseRange(field, split[0], min, max)
: (ParseNumber(field, split[0], min, max), max);
var step = ParseNumber(field, split[1], 1, max); // Schritt 0 wäre eine Endlosschleife
for (var i = start; i <= end; i += step) result.Add(i);
}
else if (part.Contains('-'))
{
var (from, to) = ParseRange(field, part, min, max);
for (var i = from; i <= to; i++) result.Add(i);
}
else
{
result.Add(ParseNumber(field, part, min, max));
}
}
return result;
}
private static (int From, int To) ParseRange(string field, string value, int min, int max)
{
var split = value.Split('-');
if (split.Length != 2)
throw Bad(field, "Bereich erwartet die Form 'von-bis'");
var from = ParseNumber(field, split[0], min, max);
var to = ParseNumber(field, split[1], min, max);
if (from > to)
throw Bad(field, $"Bereich {from}-{to} ist rückwärts");
return (from, to);
}
private static int ParseNumber(string field, string value, int min, int max)
{
if (!int.TryParse(value, out var n))
throw Bad(field, $"'{value}' ist keine Zahl");
if (n < min || n > max)
throw Bad(field, $"{n} liegt außerhalb von {min}-{max}");
return n;
}
private static FormatException Bad(string field, string reason)
=> new($"Ungültiges Cron-Feld '{field}': {reason}.");
}